Bone and cartilage are two types of connective tissue in the body, but they differ in several ways. These connective tissues support and connect to other tissues in the body. The extracellular matrix, often known as ECM, surrounds the cells that are loosely packed in this type of tissue. Living cells constitute the connective tissue of this matrix.
Both bones and cartilage protect the body’s internal organs.
Cartilage is a strong and flexible connective tissue that protects the joints and bones of the human body. Bone is a rigid body tissue that forms the skeletal system.
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What is bone?
Bone is a living, developing tissue composed primarily of collagen. Another component of bone, calcium phosphate, differentiates it from other hard tissues such as enamel and shell. The individual bones that make up the human skeletal system and the skeletons of other vertebrates are composed of bone tissue. There are 206 bones in the adult human body. A newborn has 300 bones at birth, which fuse as the child develops.
There are five types of bones in the human body:
- long bones
- short bones
- flat bones
- sesamoid bones and
- irregular bones
The main purpose of bones is to act as mineral reservoirs. They also offer structural assistance and protect the body’s internal organs.
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What is cartilage?
Cartilage is a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects bones and joints from damage.
When we move our joints, the cartilage present at the ends of the bones reduces friction and prevents the bones from rubbing against each other. It is the primary tissue of some parts of the body, which gives them shape and structure and also serves as a shock absorber.
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Difference between bone and cartilage
Below is a table with the differences between bone and cartilage.
|
Bones |
Cartilage |
|
The bones are hard and rigid and form the skeletal system. |
Cartilage is soft, elastic and flexible connective tissue that protects bones from rubbing against each other. |
|
Two types of bones: compact and spongy (also known as spongy). |
Three types of cartilage: hyaline, fibrocartilage and elastic cartilage. |
|
It has a rich blood supply through blood vessels. |
There are no blood vessels, therefore there is no blood. |
|
Made up of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes. |
Made from chondrocytes. |
|
Calcium salt deposits can be found in the bones. |
Cartilage may or may not have deposits of calcium salts. |
|
It has a bidirectional growth pattern. |
It has a unidirectional growth pattern. |
|
There is a system of Haversian and Volkmann canals present. |
There is no system of Haversian or Volkmann canals. |
|
The functions of bone include defending the body against mechanical damage, giving it structure and support, assisting with movement, storing minerals, and producing red and white blood cells (RBC and WBC). |
Cartilage supports the respiratory system, acts as a shock absorber between weight-bearing bones, preserves the shape and flexibility of soft appendages, and decreases friction in joints. |
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In summary, bones and cartilage are connective tissues in our body with different structures, types and functions. Both are essential for the functioning of the body, providing stability, support, protection and help with movement.
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Source: sef.edu.vn